Problem: Sender Address Forgery

• Nearly all abusive email messages carry fake sender addresses

• Victims of forged sender addresses are the people who’s addresses are being abused:

• • Damages victims’ reputations
  • Victims often receive bounce messages to messages that were allegedly sent by them, but weren’t.

• Sender address forgery is a threat to everyone:

• • Erodes confidence in email’s authenticity and reliability