Signaling Manipulation

• Vulnerabilities:

• • Protocols are unencrypted and unauthenticated
  • Signaling extends to endpoint device

• Attack:

• • Inject malicious signaling messages into a signaling channel
  • Send new signaling messages to endpoints or services

• Effect:

• • Forced call tear-down DoS
  • Media redirection, injection, or call hijacking
  • Registration manipulation DoS / hijack